Titanium and its alloys possess numerous exceptional properties, including low density, high specific strength, excellent corrosion resistance, and good biocompatibility. Lawv tau siv dav thoob plaws ntau yam haujlwm xws li aerospace, petrochemicals, biomedical engineering, thiab kev tiv thaiv hauv tebchaws. Los ntawm kev siv thev naus laus zis ntev ntev, kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tsim kho, thiab kev txhawb nqa kev lag luam, Tuam Tshoj txoj kev lag luam titanium tau nkag mus rau theem ntawm kev loj hlob sai, nrog rau cov khoom tsim tawm tsis tu ncua, ua kom nws txoj hauj lwm ua ib qho tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam titanium thoob ntiaj teb. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, qhov kev thov rau titanium thiab nws cov alloys tau txuas ntxiv mus, lawv cov kev pabcuam ib puag ncig tau muaj ntau haiv neeg, kev tsim cov txheej txheem tau nce zuj zus, thiab cov kev xav tau ntawm cov khoom siv kev ua tau zoo tau nce ntxiv.
Kev ua cov yas yog cov txheej txheem tsim khoom uas siv cov quab yuam sab nraud los ntxias cov yas deformation hauv cov ntaub ntawv, yog li ua tiav cov duab xav tau, microstructures, thiab cov khoom. Cov txheej txheem ua cov yas feem ntau suav nrog forging, dov, extrusion, kos duab, thiab spinning. Txawm li cas los xij, titanium thiab nws cov alloys pom muaj zog ntxiv thiab hardness nrog txo cov yas thiab tawv thaum lub sij hawm yas deformation. Kev ua haujlwm kuj tuaj yeem yooj yim ua rau muaj teeb meem xws li nto tawg, oxidation, thiab roughness ntau dhau, uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau cov khoom siv, kev tiv thaiv corrosion, thiab tom qab sib dhos precision ntawm cov khoom. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, cov txheej txheem superplastic forming (SPF) tau pom ntau daim ntawv thov, txhim kho txoj kev sib tw ntawm titanium alloys.
Tam sim no, cov txheej txheem ua cov yas siv tau suav nrog ob qho tib si ib txwm siv thiab cov txheej txheem tshiab. Xaiv cov txheej txheem ua cov yas tsim nyog yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev txhim kho cov khoom zoo ntawm titanium thiab titanium alloy khoom. Kab lus no tshuaj xyuas cov kev tshawb fawb thiab kev siv cov txheej txheem ntawm cov txheej txheem yas loj rau titanium thiab nws cov alloys (forging, dov, extrusion, thiab lwm yam) thiab muaj kev xav txog kev txhim kho yav tom ntej.
Yog xav paub ntxiv pls mus saib peb cov khoom txuas: https://www.lyhsmetal.com/titanium/rectangular-titanium-tube.html
Ib txwm siv cov txheej txheem yas
Forging
Forging yog ib txoj hauv kev los ua cov khoom siv hlau. Nws suav nrog kev siv lub siab los ua cov yas deformation, yog li tau txais cov khoom nrog cov duab xav tau thiab microstructure. Vim yog cov qauv crystalline cov yam ntxwv ntawm titanium alloys, lawv cov khoom yog cov rhiab heev rau forging tsis (xws li, kub, deformation tus nqi), yuav tsum tau nruj txheej txheem tswj. Thaum lub sij hawm forging, titanium nplej reorganize thiab ua denser, sab hauv impurities thiab voids raug tshem tawm, thiab cov kev ntxhov siab sab hauv yog ib nrab relieved.
Yog li ntawd, cov khoom siv uniformity, purity, mechanical zog, thiab nto zoo zoo tuaj. Txawm li cas los xij, nws qhov tsis zoo kuj tseem muaj pov thawj: qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom lag luam tsawg, cov teeb meem tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj cov txheej txheem, thiab nyuaj rau kev ua cov khoom nrog cov geometry nyuaj.
Rolling
Rolling yog nyiam rau nws tus nqi qis thiab kev ua haujlwm yooj yim. Cov ntaub ntawv hlau raug deformation loj heev thaum dov, thiab kho cov txheej txheem tsis tuaj yeem hloov lawv cov microstructure thiab txhua yam khoom. Raws li kev ua haujlwm kub, dov yog cais rau hauv kub dov thiab txias dov. Kub dov, ua nyob rau ntawm qhov kub siab, tuaj yeem tshem tawm qhov tsis xws luag hauv cov pob zeb thiab tso cai rau loj deformations. Nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam ntawm siab deformation, dynamic rov qab thiab recrystallization tshwm sim. Txias dov feem ntau tsis ua kom rov qab los yog recrystallization tab sis tuaj yeem txhim kho cov khoom siv zog thiab qhov chaw tiav. Nws feem ntau yog siv los ua cov kauj ruam kawg hauv kev tsim cov nplooj ntawv thiab strips.
Additionally, annealing can be incorporated during rolling to control deformation, or bending distortions can be directly corrected. In recent years, rolling technology in China has developed rapidly, becoming a crucial forming method for titanium and titanium alloy products like plates, bars, and tubes. Compared to forging, rolling offers higher efficiency, greater product precision, and significantly lower production costs, making it suitable for low-cost manufacturing of titanium alloys. Plates are categorized by thickness into thick plates (>4.76 mm) thiab nyias daim hlau (tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 4.76 mm). Cov phaj tuab yog kub- dov mus rau qhov kawg qhov ntev, thaum cov phaj nyias nyias tuaj yeem ua rau kub dov ua raws li qhov txias dov, los yog ntau txoj kev zoo xws li pob dov, kub pob dov, los yog coil - rau -coil ntau lawm. Bars feem ntau yog tsim los siv loj -deformation txheej txheem txheej txheem.
Yog xav paub ntxiv pls mus saib peb cov khoom txuas: https://www.lyhsmetal.com/titanium/titanium-machined-parts.html
Extrusion
Extrusion forming, los ntawm kev siv triaxial compressive kev nyuaj siab, ua rau cov yas loj deformation thiab txhim kho kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom. Nws muaj qhov zoo xws li kev siv dav dav, kev ua haujlwm siab ntau lawm, thiab cov txheej txheem yooj yim ntws, ua rau nws yog ib txoj hauv kev tsim cov titanium alloy raj thiab tuav. Raws li kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov hlau ntws kev taw qhia thiab punch txav, extrusion tuaj yeem muab faib ua rau pem hauv ntej (direct) extrusion, rov qab (indirect) extrusion, ua ke extrusion, thiab radial extrusion. Vim lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav loj heev ntawm titanium thiab nws cov alloys, lawv cov txheej txheem extrusion deformation yog qhov nyuaj dua li ntawm lwm cov hlau, ua rau extrusion kub thiab cov txheej txheem tsis tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb.
Piv rau forging thiab dov, extrusion yooj yim dua ua tiav deformation ntawm tsawg-cov hlau ductility thiab kev sib txuas ntawm cov hlau sib txawv. Nws kuj zam qhov kev xav tau ntawm cov khoom kim heev ntawm cov qauv tsim, muab kev ua haujlwm siab thiab ua kom yooj yim. Txawm li cas los xij, vim yog lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg tshwj xeeb ntawm titanium alloys, cov teeb meem xws li kub nce, nce deformation tsis kam, thiab tuag sticking tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum extrusion. Xaiv txoj kev tsim nyog lubrication thiab lubricants yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev txo qis extrusion quab yuam, ncua kev tuag lub neej, thiab txhim kho cov khoom zoo, thiab tau dhau los ua cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb hauv titanium alloy extrusion ntau lawm. Tsis tas li ntawd, yam xws li extrusion tuag tsim thiab cov txheej txheem tsis cuam tshuam qhov zoo ntawm titanium alloy profiles.
Cov tsis tseem ceeb muaj xws li extrusion ratio (λ), billet cua sov kub, thiab extrusion ceev. Qhov sib piv extrusion muaj feem xyuam rau hom alloy, extrusion txoj kev, cov khoom yuav tsum, thiab xovxwm muaj peev xwm. Cov iav lubricants tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov billet thaum cua sov thiab muab lubrication thaum extrusion. Tsis tas li ntawd, extrusion ceev cuam tshuam tsis tau tsuas yog cov khoom khoom thiab qhov zoo ntawm qhov chaw tab sis kuj extrusion quab yuam. Kev nrawm nrawm tuaj yeem ua rau cov hlau tsis sib xws; haum extrusion ceev yog feem ntau qis dua 200 mm / s.
Novel Plastic Processing Techniques
Titanium thiab nws cov alloys yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev ua haujlwm siab deformation thiab complex microstructural evolution thaum ua haujlwm kub. Cov txheej txheem ua cov yas zoo li forging, dov, thiab extrusion feem ntau tawm tsam los tsim cov duab nyuaj. Superplastic Forming (SPF) thev naus laus zis los daws qhov teeb meem no. Nws yog cov txheej txheem tsim khoom zoo heev uas tsim nyog rau cov khoom siv, xws li qee yam titanium alloys, uas nthuav tawm superplasticity nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb thiab sab hauv. Kev siv SPF tsis tuaj yeem txo cov nqi tsim khoom nkaus xwb tab sis kuj tseem txhim kho kev ua haujlwm zoo. Nws tau dhau los ua ib txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb rau kev ua cov titanium alloy thiab tau siv dav hauv kev lag luam aerospace.
Cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb ntawm SPF suav nrog superplastic stretch forming, superplastic tuag forging, superplastic extrusion, thiab superplastic tshuab txoj kev (gas pressure forming). SPF muaj qhov zoo xws li loj deformation, tsis muaj caj dab, tsis tshua muaj kev ntxhov siab, thiab zoo formability. Cov txheej txheem Plastic Deformation (SPD) hnyav tuaj yeem txhim kho cov khoom siv zog thiab tawv, ua tiav cov khoom zoo.
Cov txheej txheem SPD loj muaj xws li High-Pressure Torsion (HPT), Sib Nqus Sib Nqus Txheej / Vuam (FSP/FSW), Sib npaug Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP), Accumulative Roll Bonding (ARB), thiab Multi-Directional Forging (MDF). Ntxiv mus, kom ua tau raws li cov khoom siv nruj me ntsis hauv qhov chaw pabcuam sib txawv, cov kws tshawb fawb tau ua ke nrog SPF nrog cov txheej txheem ib txwm muaj xws li forging, dov, extrusion, thiab kos duab, tsim ntau yam kev sib xyaw deformation thev naus laus zis uas tau kawm ntau heev. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, thaj tsam ntawm SPF kev tshawb fawb tau txuas ntxiv, tab sis qhov tob ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav tseem tsis txaus. Ntau txoj haujlwm tseem nyob rau theem theoretical thiab kev sim. Kev tshawb nrhiav ntxiv ntawm cov txheej txheem hauv nruab nrab thiab kev ua cov cai ntawm superplastic forming rau titanium alloys yog xav tau, nrog rau kev txhim kho hauv cov txheej txheem, cov khoom siv, cov khoom zoo, kev ua haujlwm ntau lawm, thiab nthuav dav ntawm daim ntawv thov ntau yam.
Yog xav paub ntxiv pls mus saib peb cov khoom txuas: https://www.lyhsmetal.com/titanium/titanium-rectangular-bar.html
Diffusion Bonding (DB), tseem hu ua diffusion vuam, yog ib qho khoom siv - lub xeev vuam txheej txheem uas cov ntaub ntawv raug coj mus rau hauv kev sib cuag nyob rau hauv tej yam kub thiab siab, ua tiav ib tug nruj daim ntawv cog lus los ntawm ntev atomic diffusion. Nws ua rau loj - cheeb tsam koom nrog kev ntxhov siab tsawg kawg nkaus. Thaum cov khoom siv superplastic forming kub nyob ze rau nws qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv, SPF thiab DB tuaj yeem ua tiav hauv ib lub voj voog cua sov / siab los tsim cov qauv hauv zos lossis cov qauv sib xyaw ua ke lossis ntau cov khoom siv monolithic. Qhov no tau hloov mus rau hauv Superplastic Forming / Diffusion Bonding (SPF / DB) txheej txheem. SPF/DB thev naus laus zis tau tshawb fawb thiab siv dav hauv aviation, muab cov txiaj ntsig xws li: ① Tsim ntau qhov chaw rau hauv cov qauv monolithic hauv ib lub voj voog cua sov, txo cov nqi; ② Loj, tawg -dawb deformation nrog tsawg qhov seem ntawm kev ntxhov siab thiab kev ua haujlwm siab; ③ Kev ua tau zoo tag nrho ntawm cov qauv, nrog txhim kho kev qaug zog thiab corrosion kuj.
Cov kev xav tau tam sim no hauv aerospace, tsheb, thiab siab - thev naus laus zis kev lag luam rau kev ua cov khoom lag luam hais txog lub teeb yuag, siab zog -toughness, precision, high efficiency, thiab sustainability. Ntau cov txheej txheem yas tsim cov txheej txheem yuav tsum muaj kev mob siab rau tuag thiab tuaj yeem ua lub zog- mob hnyav. Incremental forming thev naus laus zis tau nyiam cov xim rau kev kov yeej cov teeb meem ntawm cov tsoos precision sib sau, xws li kev tuag siab thiab kev siv zog. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj qee qhov kev tshawb fawb qhia txog titanium alloy incremental forming. Cov txheej txheem uas twb muaj lawm raug kev txom nyem los ntawm qhov tsis zoo xws li kev cuam tshuam rau kev tsim cov teeb meem, kev ua tsis zoo, thiab cov khoom siv kim heev.
Muaj ntau txoj kev ua cov yas rau titanium thiab nws cov alloys, txhua tus muaj nws tus kheej zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo. Cov txheej txheem tsim nyog yuav tsum raug xaiv raws li cov cai tshwj xeeb, feem ntau ua raws li cov hauv paus ntsiab lus no: txhim khu kev qha thiab yooj yim ua haujlwm; ua tau raws li cov khoom xav tau kev ua haujlwm; tus nqi qis txheej txheem. Raws li daim ntawv thov teb rau titanium thiab nws cov alloys txuas ntxiv nthuav dav, ua haujlwm tau zoo, siab - zoo, thiab qis- raug nqi thev naus laus zis tshiab thiab cov txheej txheem (xws li SPF, SPF / DB, kev sib xyaw ua ke, thiab lwm yam) tau tsim thiab tshawb fawb tsis tu ncua. Nrog kev txuas ntxiv hauv - kev tshawb fawb tob rau hauv cov txheej txheem tshiab titanium alloy ua cov thev naus laus zis thiab cov tswv yim, cov khoom lag luam zoo thiab kev sib tw yuav txuas ntxiv txhim kho.
